A heat exchanger transfers heat between two fluids at different temperatures without mixing them. Konuk Isı manufactures shell-and-tube units to the customer drawing or to a custom design in TEMA and ASME Division VIII. Units can weigh up to 100 tonnes and run up to 25 m long, with a minimum tube diameter of 12 mm. Materials include carbon steel, stainless, duplex, special alloys (mostly 825 and 625), copper, brass and titanium. Design follows TEMA RCB, HEI, HTRI/HTFS thermal rating, API 660 and CFD on request. Typical tube diameters are 1/2", 3/4" and 1" with wall thickness from 1 to 2.6 mm. Tube-to-tubesheet joints are welded, expanded, or welded plus light expanding according to the material.